Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal

Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI)-20 Score In Patients With Pelvic Organ Prolaps (POP)

2024-07-25T11:46:21+00:00

Background :Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common and benign condition in women. It was the fall of one or more components of the vagina and uterus, which allows surrounding organs to herniate into the vaginal area, a disease known as cystocele, rectocele, or enterocele. The PFDI-20 score has been used to evaluate symptoms and quality of life in all POP patients.

Objectives : To analyze the PFDI-20 score in patients with POP.

Method : An observational study involving POP patients was undertaken at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang from December 2023 to January 2024. The variables include demographic information (age, parity, obstetric and gynecological history) gathered from medical records, as well as complaints and POP symptoms obtained through an interview using the Indonesian PFDI-20 score. Data was analyzed univariately and bivariately. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05, and statistical analyzes were conducted using Kruskal-Wallis. The statistical program used for the analysis was SPSS 25.0.

Results : Twenty-eight ladies participated. Their average age was 64.43 years (SD=10.49), parity number was 4.5 (SD=2.2), and PDFI-20 score was 136.61 (SD=54.21). In terms of POP, 53.6% (15) were IV. In terms of prolapse type, all patients had uterine prolapses, with the majority also having cystocele and rectocele (96.4%). Total vaginal hysterectomy (TVH) was performed in 82.1% (23), with over half of the patients undergoing anterior colporrhaphy (AC), posterior colpoperineorrhaphy, or colpocleisis. The majority of the complaints concerned inactive sexual activity (92.0%) and frequency (64.3%). The bivariate analysis with Kruskal Wallis test revealed no statistically significant relationships between PDFI-20 score and degree of POP (p<0.05).

Conclusion : Although we were unable to identify a significant correlation, the PFDI-20 score was demonstrated to be a reliable tool for assessing symptoms and quality of life in all POP patients.

Differences in Vitamin D Receptor Levels Between Women With Primary Infertility and Women Without Infertility

2024-07-25T12:00:54+00:00

Introduction: Many studies have been done on vitamin D, but there is still a lack of data regarding Vitamin D receptor (VDR) level and infertility, whereas VDR has a vital role in the action of vitamin D.

Objective: To determine the differences in VDR levels between women with primary infertility and women without fertility problems.

Method: This is a case-control study on women with and without fertility problems in Padang City, conducted from March 2023–January 2024. Serum VDR levels (ng/ml) were examined using the ELISA method in the Biomedicine Laboratory at Andalas University. Differences in VDR levels were calculated using the independent T-test.

Results: There were 60 subjects divided into 30 subjects with infertility and 30 subjects without fertility problems. Subjects with primary infertility had more 31-35 years and >35 years old patients (54.8% and 66.7%), more overweight and obese BMI patients (50% and 83.3%), and had experienced infertility for 1-4 years (73.3%). The mean VDR levels in infertility subjects were lower than in subjects without fertility problems (1.73±0.92ng/ml and 2.35±1.30ng/ml), where this difference was statistically significant (p=0.036).

Conclusion: VDR levels influence the incidence of primary infertility.

Caesarian Section Patient Profile with Indication Absolute in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang in 2018-2020

2022-08-15T05:08:59+00:00

Backgrounds : Caesarea sectio delivery must be done if the existence of medical indications and normal labor can no longer be done at prioritizing the mother and baby.

Objective : To find out the profile of the Caesarean sectio patient with an absolute indication at Dr. RSUP M. Djamil Padang in 2018-2020.

Methods : The scope of this research is obstetrics and gynecological science. The study was conducted in March - March 2022. The type of research is descriptive categoric. The affordable population in the study was the patient sectio caesarea with an absolute indication in Dr. RSUP M. Djamil Padang in 2018-2020 as many as 56 samples with total sampling techniques. Univariate data analysis is presented in the form of frequency distribution and data processing using the Computerized SPSS version of the IBM version 25.0.

Results : The highest mother age is 20-35 years, which is 38 people (67.9%). The most maternal parity is multipara, which is 38 people (67.9%). The highest education is high school, which is 31 people (55.4%). The highest history of SC It was what had a previous SC history of 33 people (58.9%), and the most absolute medical indication was the placenta previa of 24 people (42.9%).

Conclusion : The highest mother age is 20-35 years. The most mother parity is multipara. The highest education is high school. The highest history of SC is who has a previous history of SC, and the most absolute medical indication is placenta previa.

The Relationship Of The Use Of Hormonal Contraceptives On Sexual Function In Family Planning Acceptors At Lubuk Buaya Health Center, Koto Tangah District Padang City

2024-07-25T11:46:22+00:00

Background: Decreased sexual desire (libido) in recipients of Depo Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) injectable contraceptives, although rare and not experienced by all women, can occur with long-term use due to hormonal changes, resulting in drying of the vagina, which causes pain during intercourse and ultimately decreased sexual desire or arousal.

Objective: to determine the relationship between hormonal contraception and sexual function in hormonal birth controlacceptors at the Lubuk Buaya Community Health Center, Koto Tangah District, Padang City.

Method: The research was observational with a cross-sectional approach on family planning acceptors at Lubuk BuayaCommunity Health Center, Koto Tangah District, Padang City, from November 2023 to January 2024. A total of 75respondents who were active hormonal family planning acceptors at Lubuk Buaya Community Health Center, Koto District Tangah Padang City, were sampled.

Results: Bivariate analysis of the relationship between hormonal contraceptive use and sexual dysfunction using Chi-square resulted in a p-value>0.05.

Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between the use of hormonal contraception and sexual dysfunction in hormonal birth control acceptors at the Lubuk Buaya Community Health Center, Koto Tangah District, Padang City.

Comparison Of Lactobacillus Plantarum, Lactobacillus Mucosae And Lactobacillus Farciminis Bacteria Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome And Non Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Students At Medical Faculty Of Andalas University

2024-07-25T11:46:22+00:00

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and morphological features of polycystic ovaries. It is associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Gut microbial dysbiosis plays a role in PCOS, which is associated with insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, chronic inflammation, and metabolic syndrome. PCOS treatment with Probiotics maintains the stability and diversity of the gut microbiome.

Objective: To determine the comparison of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus mucosae, and Lactobacillus farciminis Bacteria Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Non Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Students at the Medical Faculty of Andalas University.

Method: This research was an analytic observational study using a cross-sectional method conducted on female students with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Non-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome at the Medical Faculty of Andalas University.

Results: Bivariate analysis of microbiota comparison of female students with PCOS and without PCOS, Mann-Whitney Test on L.mucosae (p=0.774), while Independent T-Test analysis on L.farciminis (p=0.006).

Conclusion: There is a decrease in microbiota L. Mucosae in female students with PCOS, but there is no significant difference. There is a significant comparison in the number of microbiota L.farciminis in female students with and without PCOS at FK Unand.

Relationship Between Risk Factors and The Incidence of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Year 2019-2021

2023-02-25T05:35:54+00:00

Background : Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) is a tumor originating from cytotrophoblast and syncytotrophoblast that invades myometrium, damages surrounding tissue and blood vessels, and causing bleeding.

Purpose : This study aims to determine the relationship between age, history of previous pregnancies, β-hCG levels, parity, and interval with last pregnancy on the incidence of GTN.

Method : This research is an observational analytic study with a cross sectional research design. Univariate analysis was carried out which described the frequency distribution of variables and bivariate analysis with the chi square statistical test .

Result : The results of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between age, history of previous pregnancies, β-hCG levels and parity) and the incidence of GTN, while the interval with the last pregnancy did not have a significant relationship with the incidence of GTN .

Conclusion: It was concluded that age, history of previous pregnancy, β-hCG levels, and parity are risk factors for GTN.

Efficacy of EMCO Therapy on Serum β-hCG Levels in Case of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm (GTN) at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang 2019-2021

2023-02-28T16:18:05+00:00

Backgrounds: Etoposide, Methotrexate, Cyclophosphamide, and Vincristine (EMCO) Chemotherapy is used as an alternative therapy for patients with a diagnosis of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm (GTN) at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang because Actinomycin D has not been included in the National Formulation (FORNAS).

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of EMCO therapy with limited Actinomycin D on serum Î²-hCG levels in Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm (GTN) cases at Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital in 2019-2021.

Methods: The type of research used is numerical comparative analytics with a cross sectional approach. The number of samples was 17 GTN patients who had done EMCO chemotherapy and checked Î²-hCG levels before and after chemotherapy. The research was conducted from April to October 2022 at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang. Data processing using total sampling technique and tested using Wilcoxon Test.

Results: Most GTN patients were found to be <40 years old (64,7%), history of molar hydatidiform pregnancy (47,1%), last pregnancy interval <4 months (58,8%), Î²-hCG level before chemotherapy ranged from 10⁴-10⁵ mIU/mL (52,9%), tumor size >5 cm (58,8%), metastasis location in the internal genital tract (35,5%), and patients who did not have metastasis (52,9%).

Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in Î²-hCG levels after chemotherapy using EMCO for three cycles in patients with a diagnosis of GTN.

Description of Post Anesthetic Shivering (PAS) in Post Spinal Anesthesia Caesarean Section

2024-01-25T22:42:12+00:00

Background: Post anaesthetic shivering (PAS) is a fasciculation of the face, jaw, or head or the occurrence of muscle hyperactivity so that the body can produce heat after anesthesia. Multiple factors can influence the incidence of PAS including age, sex, ASA physical status, body mass index, type of anesthesia, duration of surgery, room temperature, preoperative body temperature (<36,5â°C), and type of surgery.

Objective : The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence of PAS in post-spinal anesthesia caesarean section patients at RSIA Siti Hawa Padang

Method: This research is a descriptive observational study using accidental sampling technique and obtained a total sample of 52 patients

Result: The result showed that 25 of 52 patients (48,1%) experienced PAS. Most PAS events were experienced by moderate grade (25%), the age group >35 years (60%), underweight body mass index (62,5%), ASA II status (52,2%), preoperative temperature in the hypothermia group (51,4%), postoperative temperature in the normothermia group (66,7%), and operation duration >30 minutes (57,1%)

Conclusion: Most of the patients did not experience PAS and most of PAS experience was moderate grade.

The Relationship Of Mother’s Knowledge And Educational Level With Triple Elimination Examination

2024-07-25T12:08:07+00:00

Introduction: Triple elimination examination can protect mothers and babies from diseases that are transmitted from mother to fetus, namely HIV, Hepatitis B, and Syphilis.

Objective: This research aims to determine the relationship between the knowledge and education level of pregnant women and triple elimination examination visits at the Ophir Community Health Center, West Pasaman Regency.

Methods: The research design uses analytical research with a cross-sectional method. The population of all pregnant women in the third trimester at the Ophir Community Health Center, West Pasaman Regency in 2023. The total sample was 57 pregnant women taken by total sampling. The data used is primary data using interview and observation methods. The instrument uses a questionnaire sheet.

Results: Based on the p-value of the relationship between maternal knowledge and triple elimination examination visits, the p-value was 0.000 (p<0.05). Then, based on the p-value of the relationship between maternal education level and triple elimination examination visits, the result was a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The relationship between knowledge and maternal education level with triple elimination examination visits at the Ophir Community Health Center, West Pasaman Regency.

What to Expect in Primigravidae Adolescent Pregnancy with Malaria in Remote Area: A Case Report

2024-02-27T01:10:19+00:00

Background: Malaria is an infection transmitted by parasite-infected Anopheles mosquito. Pregnancy is one of the risk factors for infection and worse prognosis

Case: Here we present a case of primigravidae adolescent pregnancy with malaria in a remote area. Patient presented with fever 10 days prior. Laboratory work-up showed microcytic hypochromic anemia, grade III thrombocytopenia, positive P. falciparum, and IUFD as disease outcome. The most common malaria-related hematological consequences are anemia and thrombocytopenia. Anemia in malaria is caused by the obligatory destruction of erythrocytes during the acute phase and might be related to bone marrow dyserythropoiesis. Several theories suggest mechanisms of thrombocytopenia in P. falciparum malaria such as increased platelet aggregation, bone marrow alteration, microvascular sequestration, and endothelial activation. Intrauterine Fetal Death (IUFD) might be related to microvasculature blockage or inflammation by the infected erythrocyte (IE). Inflammation in the intervillous regions of the placenta results in placental malaria (PM). PM may cause intrauterine growth restriction, premature delivery, and low birth weight, thus increasing newborn mortality.

Conclusion: Malaria in pregnancy has a devastating impact on both mother and fetus. Patientâ€™s characteristics and background greatly influence malaria outcomes and treatment continuity. Holistic treatment is recommended to enhance patient prognosis and health-seeking behavior

Adjuvant Chemotherapy For FIGO Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer : A Case Report

2024-07-25T11:56:40+00:00

Background : Cervical cancer ranked as the third most prevalent cancer among women. This case report is to examine the current status of adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of early-stage cervical cancer as documented in the literature. Currently, there is no established evidence supporting the therapeutic efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy as a standalone treatment following radical hysterectomy surgery. Nevertheless, some literature recommend the use of adjuvant radiotherapy (AR), adjuvant chemotherapy (AC), or concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) as the standard adjuvant therapies for early-stage cervical cancer following radical hysterectomy with positive prognostic factor.

Case report: A 53-year-old female was diagnosed with stage IIA2 in April 2021. The histology type was determined to be keratinized squamous cell carcinoma, moderately well differentiated. The patient underwent a radical hysterectomy, resulting in the acquisition of uterine and cervical tissue measuring 11x11×6 cm. The histology results revealed moderately to poorly differentiated keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, with no invasion of the parametrium or pelvic lymph nodes with vaginal cutting margin is free of tumor growth, but lymph vascular space invasion was present. Subsequently, adjuvant chemotherapy was administered using carboplatin (AUC 5) and paclitaxel for a total of 6 cycles. After 2 years with follow-up with CT-Scan examination in April 2023 confirmed the absence of any residual mass.

Conclusion: A radical hysterectomy combined with adjuvant chemotherapy has been shown to reduce the chance of recurrence or progressiveness of the disease, in which this patient did not experience a recurrence after two years of treatment

Management of Eclampsia Patients Post-ROSC (Return of Spontaneous Circulation) at RSUP M Djamil Padang

2024-07-25T14:05:19+00:00

Background: Eclampsia is a convulsive condition associated with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy which threatens maternal and fetal life which generally requires intensive care. Worsening conditions can complicate multi-organ disorders, coagulation disorders, and infections.

Case: A 20 year old, nulliparous woman, preterm gestational age 35-36 weeks of gestation, referred to M Djamil General Hospital with complaints of 3 seizures at home and loss of consciousness. At the time of examination, we found apathetic consciousness; blood pressure of 210/118 mmHg. Urine protein is +3. The patient was terminated by emergency cesarean section. The patient was anesthetized under general anesthesia, and was treated in the postoperative intensive care unit with a ventilator attached. During hospitalization, the patient developed recurrent seizure, laryngeal edema and cardiac arrest, but returned to circulation spontaneously after resuscitation. Hemodynamic and metabolic monitoring is strict on the patient and managed appropriately with good result.

Discussion: Eclampsia preceded by preeclampsia is known as a theoretical disease with a two-stage pathogenesis. The principles of eclampsia management are control of seizure, regulation of blood pressure, and termination of pregnancy. Collaboration between multidisciplinary teams determines the success of managing eclampsia cases and improving outcomes for the better.

Uterine Arterivenous Malformation

2024-07-25T11:54:41+00:00

Background : Arteriovenous malformations of the uterus are rare and cause sudden, massive vaginal bleeding. Although rare, arteriovenous malformations can occur after a cesarean section. Patients with uterine arteriovenous malformations commonly manifest vaginal bleeding disorders, ranging from menorrhagia to life-threatening bleeding episodes. Management of AVM is by medication, embolization and surgery depending on the patient's condition.

Case : Here we report the case of a 28 year old patient with a diagnosis of Late HPP ec Susp. AVM uteruson P4A0L4 post LSCS + moderate anemia. The patient had a history of caesarean section 2 weeks ago, and the patient was admitted for recurrent bleeding.

Discussion : Diagnostic examination found an AVM on surgical scars on the uterus and performed angiography and embolization.The diagnosis of uterine arteriovenous malformation should be considered in patients with secondary postpartum hemorrhage

Conclusion : Uterine arteriovenous malformation is a life-threatening disorder because it presents with
complaints of painless bleeding. This case report reported a patient with uterine
arteriovenous malformation which was established through clinical findings and supporting
examinations and ruled out other possible causes of postpartum hemorrhage.

Dicephalus Parapagus Conjoined Twins

2024-07-25T12:02:18+00:00

Background: Conjoined twins are monoamniotic monochorionic twins resulting from incomplete division of the embryonic disk and amniotic sac. This rare condition has an incidence of 1:33,000 to 1:165,000 pregnancies. Common types include thoracopagus and omphalopagus, with less common forms like thoracoomphalopagus, pyopagus, ischiopagus, and craniopagus. Parapagus, where twins are joined at the sides with a shared pelvis and organs, occurs in less than 0.5% of cases.

Case: A 27-year-old patient presented to the Fetomaternal Clinic at RSUP M. Djamil Padang, referred from Hermina Hospital, with a diagnosis of G2P1A0H1 gravid preterm and suspected conjoined twins. Ultrasound at 5 months showed two heads and one body. Initial assessment noted a family history of twins and palpable round, firm masses. Laboratory tests, Fetomaternal ultrasound, MRI, and 3D CT Scan confirmed conjoined twins (dicephalus, parapagus, dibrachius). A cesarean section was planned.

Discussion: Termination involves a multidisciplinary team to manage fetal anatomical abnormalities optimally. Emergency separation has a 70% mortality rate, higher than the 20% for elective procedures. Treatment depends on cardiovascular anatomy, with higher success if only the pericardium is divided. Cardiac anomalies' severity influences prognosis, survival, and separation feasibility. Survival rates depend on the degree of union and cardiac anomalies. In cases like dicephalus, the anatomical structure often makes it unlikely for both twins to survive separation.

Urologic Morbidity in Surgery of Placenta Accreta Spectrum in Universitas Andalas Hospital

2024-08-06T14:56:44+00:00

Background: Hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum disorders is known to be associated with urologic morbidity, including intentional or unintentional cystostomy, ureteral injury, and bladder fistula.

Case: A 32year old woman with urine retention post total hysterectomy on indications placenta accreta spectrum Grade 3 type 4 S2 segment- 9 days ago, referred to Universitas Andalas Hospital. The patient complained difficulty to urinate, hematuria and supra pubic pain. Physical examination sign of acute abdomen unclear. A Pelvic abdominal ultrasound was performed, the result were Acites and complex acites, left renal hydronefrosis, cystitis and sludge gallblader. From the laboratory result found anemia, leucocytosis, trombositosis, ureum, creatinine and albumin were in normal limit, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypocalsemia. The patient were given antibiotics, blood transfusion and natrium, kalium and calcium correction. Cystoscopy was performed to explore the bladder, the result were found adhesion and ruptured at the posterior wall of the bladder a long 3 cm then proceed with laparotomy to repair the bladder and adhesiolisis. During hospitalization, the patient’s condition was good, hemodynamics was stable with sufficient diuresis. The patient was discharged on day 4 after laparotomy of bladder repair with temporary urine catheter installed.

Discussion: This patient diagnose previously is placenta accreta spectrum with percreta graded so had a high risk of urologic morbidity. The bladder ruptured occurred after 9^th day of hysterectomy. This can occur because the injury during dissection of the uterine vesicular fold undergoes necrosis and then become opens on the 9^th day after hysterectomy. A multidisciplinary team should be made in management of placenta accreta spectrum. A team comprising a consultant maternal fetal medicine with pelvic surgery experienced, a blood bank team, an anesthesiologist, a urologist skilled, an interventional radiologist and an experienced neonatologist is advised.

Keywords: urologic complication, placenta accreta, urologic morbidity

Unilateral Renal Cystic Disease

2024-08-06T15:06:40+00:00

Background: Unilateral renal cystic disease of kidney is a non familial and non progressive disorder, characterized by replacement of the renal parenchyma by a cluster of multiple cysts with a normal contralateral kidney.

Case: A 2-day-old newborn baby came to the Urology Department of the Perinatology Department of Andalas University Hospital. The baby with prenatal ultrasound results showed unilateral hydronephrosis and multicystic kidneys. From the postnatal ultrasound, it was found: The right kidney was normal in shape and size; clear differentiation of the cortex and medulla; the pelvic calyx system was not dilated; No stones were seen; There were multiple cystic lesions with regular borders in the renal cortex, the largest cyst size was 5.5x4 cm. The left kidney was normal in shape and size; clear differentiation of the cortex and medulla; The pelvic calyx system was not dilated; No stones or sludge were seen. The impression of multiple renal cysts. The patient was followed up for renal function and cyst development.

Conclusion : This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and follow-up in infants with unilateral renal cystic lesions. Differentiating URCD from other cystic renal diseases is essential for appropriate management and counseling. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathogenesis and long-term outcomes of URCD.

Collaborative Intervention Assistance Model In An Effort To Increase The Quality Of Pregnant Women Services To Reduce Maternal Mortality In Padang City

2024-07-24T12:38:18+00:00

Background : Maternal death, as defined by WHO, includes deaths during pregnancy or within 42 days postpartum due to pregnancy-related causes. The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) quantifies maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. A key target of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) was reducing the MMR by three-quarters between 1990 and 2015, aiming for a global rate under 70 per 100,000 by 2030. In Indonesia, the 2012 Demographic and Health Survey reported an MMR of 359 per 100,000 live births, with West Sumatra at 212 per 100,000.

Objective : This study employs a mixed-method approach, focusing on pregnant women visiting health centers in Padang City, to assess an intervention model.

Result : Maternal mortality in Indonesia is mainly caused by bleeding, eclampsia, and infections, with contributing factors including delayed care access, socio-cultural, educational, and economic challenges. Significant health issues include hypertensive disorders, diabetes, acute kidney injury, jaundice, and thyroid disease. Low educational and economic levels in rural areas correlate with higher maternal morbidity and mortality. Government efforts, such as the Maternity Guarantee (Jampersal) and the Maternal and Child Health (KIA) Handbook, aim to improve maternal health but face challenges due to poor resource utilization.

Conclusion : Indonesia struggles to meet maternal mortality reduction targets, with rates high compared to other Asian countries. Effective interventions must address both direct and indirect causes of maternal deaths, improve education and economic conditions, and enhance healthcare access. Government programs show promise but require better implementation and community engagement to reduce maternal mortality rates effectively.

The Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Pelvic Floor Reconstruction Surgery : A Scoping Review of Literature

2024-07-24T14:09:01+00:00

Background : Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous, self-blood product, an anticoagulated blood product generated by the centrifugation method of whole blood that primarily contains platelets at amounts up to 5 times those found in physiologic platelet concentrations. The use of PRP in pelvic floor reconstruction surgery is becoming much more common.

Objective : To determine the efficacy of PRP on pelvic floor reconstruction surgery, we will synthesize the available research on the use of PRP for pelvic floor disorders.;

Methods: This review was conducted on research articles in PubMed, Proquest, EBSCO, and ScienceDirect databases published between January 2010 – December 2023 regarding the use of PRP for pelvic floor reconstruction surgery. All primary research in humans, case reports and case series will be included to evaluate the outcome of PRP as an adjunct to conventional surgery in treating pelvic floor disorders;

Results: A total of five articles were chosen for review. Every article makes use of PRP in pelvic floor reconstruction surgery.

Conclusions: This review offers actual evidence of PRP's efficacy in pelvic floor reconstruction surgery. This is a new approach, and the findings of this study are expected to inform clinical practice and ongoing research focused on improving the outcome of pelvic floor disorders treatment.

Trial registration number: osf.io/gyr72