Comparison of Vaginal Microbiota Profiles in Patients With Endometriosis and Without Endometriosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/aoj.9.1.74-85.2025Keywords:
Endometriosis, dysbiosis, vaginal microbiota, Lactobacillus, Flavobacterium, Firmicutes, ProteobacteriaAbstract
Introduction: Endometriosis is a complex gynecological disease affect 10% of women in reproductive age, involving inflammation and immune regulation. Diversity of vaginal microbiota is an integral part of vaginal microecology with vaginal anatomy, endocrine system and local vaginal immunity. The disruption in microecology, dysbiosis, is known to trigger inflammatory diseases. The relationship between vaginal dysbiosis and endometriosis remains controversial
Objective: To determine the comparison of vaginal microbiota profiles in patients with and without endometriosis
Method: The study was case-control design on patients with and without endometriosis at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, conducted from December 2023 to June 2024 at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Polyclinic and the Center for Infectious Disease Diagnostic and Research Laboratory. The diagnosis of endometriosis was confirmed via ultrasonography and histology. Microbiota were measured with miSeq Illumina Next Generation Sequencing. A comparison of microbiota profiles was carried out using the Mann-Whitney test.
Results: There were 40 respondents, with endometriosis (n=20) and without endometriosis (n=20). At the phylum level, the vaginal microbiota profile in the endometriosis group was dominated by Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, while in without endometriosis group dominated by Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. At the genus level, the endometriosis group was dominated by Lactobacillus sp., Desulfovibrio sp., Flavobacterium sp., and Gardnerella sp., while without endometriosis group were Lactobacillus sp., Prevotella sp., Desulfovibrio sp., and Bifidobacterium sp. There was no difference in the abundance of microbiota (p>0.05)
Conclusion: There was no difference in the abundance of microbiota between endometriosis group and without endometriosis group.
Keywords: Endometriosis, dysbiosis, vaginal microbiota, Lactobacillus, Flavobacterium, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria
References
F F, Utama Bi, Firdawati F. Comparison Of Women’s Quality Of Life Post Abdominal And Vaginal Hysterectomy. Andalas Obstet Gynecol J. 2022;6(1):35-41. Doi:10.25077/Aoj.6.1.35-41.2022
Sa Mr, Yanti Rs, Utama Bi. Research Article Comparison Of Microbiota In Threatened Preterm. Andalas Obstet Gynecol J. 2024;8(Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024)):548-559. Doi:Https://Doi.Org/10.25077/Aoj.8.1.548-559.2024
ESHRE Endometriosis Guideline Development Group. Endometriosis: Guideline of European Society of HumanReproduction and Embryology. 2022
Kim AH. Williams Gynecology 4rd edition. Gynecologic Infection. United States: McGraw Hill Education. 2020
Berek JS, Kraus L, Berek DL. Berek & Novak’s Gynecology (Berek and Novak’s Gynecology). 2020. Diakses dari https://lccn.loc.gov/2018052861 .
Hestiantoro A dkk. Himpunan Endokrinologi Reproduksi dan Fertilitas Indonesia (HIFERI). 2017.
Taylor HS, PL, SE. Speroff’s clinical gynecologic endocrinology and infertility. 2020
Uzuner C, Mak J, El-Assaad F, Condous G. The bidirectional relationship between endometriosis and microbiome. Front Endocrinol. 2023; 14.
Mansur SA, Trisetiyono Y, Muniroh M, Setiyorini N. Characteristics of Endometriosis Patients in RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang in 2018. Diponegoro Medical Journal (Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro). 2022; 11; 100–103.
Bahall V, De Barry L, Rampersad A. Clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis—a report on two cases and literature review. World J Surg Oncol. 2022; 20.
Kalaitzopoulos DR, et al. Treatment of endometriosis: a review with comparison of 8 guidelines. BMC Womens Health. 2021; 21: 1–9
WHO. Endometriosis Key facts. World Health Orginisation https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/endometriosis (2021).
Moradi Y, et al. A systematic review on the prevalence of endometriosis in women. Indian J Med Res. 2021; 154: 446–454.
Lestari SPP, Annas JY, Juniastuti, J. Hubungan Usia Menarche Dengan Kejadian Endometriosis. Indonesian Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal. 2021; 3: 30–36.
Kim MR, et al. Clinical Diagnosis and Early Medical Management for Endometriosis: Consensus from Asian Expert Group. Healthcare. 2022; 10: 1–14.
Hidayat A, Hendry D. Characteristics of Endometriosis and Adenomiosis Patients In Dr . M . Djamil Hospital Padang in The Period of January 2017 - October 2018. Andalas Obstetrics and Gynecology Journal. 2019; 3: 1–8.
Barbara G, Buggio L, Facchin F, Vercellini P. Medical Treatment for Endometriosis: Tolerability, Quality of Life and Adherence. Front Glob Womens Health. 2021; 2: 1–6.
Colonetti T, et al. Gut and Vaginal Microbiota in the Endometriosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2023.
Hernandes C, et al. Microbiome profile of deep endometriosis patients: Comparison of vaginal fluid, endometrium and lesion. Diagnostics. 2020; 10.
Ata B, et al. The Endobiota Study: Comparison of Vaginal, Cervical and Gut Microbiota Between Women with Stage 3/4 Endometriosis and Healthy Controls. Sci Rep. 2019; 9.
Jiang I, Yong PJ, Allaire C, Bedaiwy MA. Intricate connections between the microbiota and endometriosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22. Preprint at https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115644
Kunaseth J, et al. Vaginal microbiome of women with adenomyosis: A case-control study. PLoS One. 2022; 17.
Rastogi S, Singh A. Gut microbiome and human health: Exploring how the probiotic genus Lactobacillus modulate immune responses. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022; 13 Preprint at https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.1042189
Qin R, Tian G, Liu J, Cao L. The gut microbiota and endometriosis: From pathogenesis to diagnosis and treatment. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2022; 12 Preprint at https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1069557
García-Peñarrubia, P., Ruiz-Alcaraz, A. J., Martínez-Esparza, M., Marín, P. & Machado-Linde, F. Hypothetical roadmap towards endometriosis: Prenatal endocrine-disrupting chemical pollutant exposure, anogenital distance, gut-genital microbiota and subclinical infections. Hum Reprod Update. 2020; 26: 214–246.
Yen CF, Kim MR, Lee CL. Epidemiologic Factors Associated with Endometriosis in East Asia. Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther. 2019; 8: 4–11.
Ocviyanti D, et al. Gynaecologic History During Adolescence to Predict Endometriosis Earlier. Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research. 2022; 6: 1515–1522.
Tsamanioti ES, Mahdy H. Endometriosis. StatPearls. NCBI Bookshelf. 2023
Davila G. Endometriosis. Medscape. 2021.
Hendarto H. Endometriosis dari Aspek Teori sampai Penanganan Klinis. 2015
Gruber TM, Mechsner S. Pathogenesis of endometriosis: The origin of pain and subfertility. Cells. 2021; 10. Preprint at https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10061381
D’Alterio MN, et al. Possible role of microbiome in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Minerva Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2021; 73: 193–214. Preprint at https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-606X.21.04788-2
Wei W, Zhang X, Tang H, Zeng L, Wu R. Microbiota composition and distribution along the female reproductive tract of women with endometriosis. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2020; 19(15).
Akiyama K, Nishioka K, Khan KN, Tanaka Y, Mori T, Nakaya T, Kitawaki J. Molecular detection of microbial colonization in cervical mucus of women with and without endometriosis. American journal of reproductive immunology. 2019; 82(2).
Leonardi M, Hicks C, El-Assaad F, El-Omar E, Condous G. Endometriosis and the microbiome: a systematic review. BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology. 2020; 127(2): 239–249.
Wessels JM, Domínguez MA, Leyland NA, Agarwal SK, Foster WG. Endometrial microbiota is more diverse in people with endometriosis than symptomatic controls. Scientific reports. 2021; 11(1): 18877.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sef Zani Meria Sef Zani Meria, Haviz Yuad, Andani Eka Putra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
